In recent years, Nigeria has witnessed a disturbing rise in the number of individuals fraudulently parading themselves as lawyers. From appearing in court without proper qualifications to offering legal services to unsuspecting members of the public, this trend poses a serious threat to the integrity of the legal profession and the administration of justice.

Who Is a Legal Practitioner in Nigeria?

According to the Legal Practitioners Act (LPA), a person is qualified to practice as a lawyer in Nigeria only if they have been:

1. Called to the Nigerian Bar, and

2. Enrolled at the Supreme Court of Nigeria.

Without satisfying these two conditions, a person cannot legally offer legal services or appear in court on behalf of another.

The Offense of Impersonation

Section 22(1) of the Legal Practitioners Act makes it a criminal offense for anyone who is not a legal practitioner to:

• Practice or hold themselves out to be entitled to practice as a lawyer;

• Act in any capacity reserved for legal practitioners;

• Take or use any name, title, or description that suggests they are qualified to practice law.

This means that even using the title “Barrister” or “Solicitor” without the requisite qualifications is an offense.

Punishment for Impersonation

Impersonating a lawyer can attract:

•   Criminal prosecution,

•   Imprisonment,

•   Fines, and

• Other penalties under related statutes such as the Criminal Code, Penal Code, and laws against forgery and fraud.

In cases where impersonation involves the presentation of forged call-to-bar certificates or academic credentials, the offender may also be charged with forgery, which carries severe prison terms.

Implications for Victims

Victims of legal impersonation may suffer grave consequences, such as:

•   Invalid contracts or legal advice,

•   Loss of money, and

•   Jeopardized court cases.

The Nigerian Bar Association (NBA) has continually warned the public to verify the status of any person claiming to be a lawyer before engaging their services.

How to Verify a Lawyer

For a detailed guide on verification steps and common scams to avoid, read:

Verify a Nigerian Lawyer – Steps & Common Scams to Avoid

This guide provides a step-by-step approach to ensure you’re dealing with a qualified legal practitioner and explains red flags that indicate potential impersonation.

Conclusion

The legal profession is one of honour, discipline, and responsibility. Impersonating a lawyer not only endangers justice but also erodes public confidence in the legal system. The public must remain vigilant, and offenders should be reported to the appropriate authorities. Upholding the integrity of the legal profession is a collective duty.